The regulation of autophagy – unanswered questions

The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.

Autophagy is an intracellular lysosomal (vacuolar) degradation process that is characterized by the formation of double-membrane vesicles, known as autophagosomes, which sequester cytoplasm. As autophagy is involved in cell growth, survival, development and death, the levels of autophagy must be properly regulated, as indicated by the fact that dysregulated autophagy has been linked to many hum...

The molecular machinery of autophagy: unanswered questions.

Autophagy is a process in which cytosol and organelles are sequestered within double-membrane vesicles that deliver the contents to the lysosome/vacuole for degradation and recycling of the resulting macromolecules. It plays an important role in the cellular response to stress, is involved in various developmental pathways and functions in tumor suppression, resistance to pathogens and extensio...

E-Learning: some unanswered questions

The Key Questions Remain Unanswered

First, we described an illustrative notional planning magnitude for each threat based on a stylized threat and risk assessment, while noting that a more comprehensive threat and risk assessments could reveal that these illustrative magnitudes were either too high or too low. Our illustrative threat assessments relied on historical data revealing observed frequencies and consequences of each thr...

Yoga: Some Unanswered Questions

Grover et al (1994) have provided an excellent and thought provoking analysis of the usefulness of yoga in treating neurotic disorders. Some questions however remain. One criticism of psychotherapy is that the criteria for the selection of suitable candidates usually identify patients with good prognostic features-patients who may improve even without any therapeutic intervention. Another criti...